CEN/TC 335 biomass standards


	CEN/TC 335 biomass standards


	CEN/TC 335 is the technical committee developing the draft standard to describe all forms of solid biofuels within Europe, including wood chips, wood pellets and briquettes, logs, sawdust and straw bales.

About CEN/TC 335

CEN/TC 335 allows all relevant properties of the fuel to be described, and includes both normative information that must be provided about the fuel, and informative information that can be included but is not required. As well as the physical and chemical characteristics of the fuel as it is, CEN/TC 335 also provides information on the source of the material.

Specifications

The fuel specifications and classes for all solid biofuels are set out in CEN/TS 14961:2005, which defines certain parameters and property classes.

Normative specifications for wood chips:

Origin
Particle size (P16/P31.5/P45/P63/P100)
Moisture content (M20/M25/M30/M40/M55/M65)
Ash content (A0.7/A1.5/A3.0/A6.0/A10.0)

Normative specifications for chemically handled wood or used wood:

Nitrogen (N0.5/N1.0/N3.0/N3.0+)

Informative specifications for wood chips include:

Net energy content (lower heating value (LHV)) as MJ/kg or kWh/m³ loose
Bulk density in kg/m³ loose
Chlorine content (Cl0.03/Cl0.07/Cl0.10/Cl0.10+)
Nitrogen (N0.5/N1.0/N3.0/N3.0+)

Many other properties may also be specified, including concentrations of many other elements and volatile matter and ash melting behaviour. Different specifications are required for different fuels, and for pellets and briquettes these include mechanical durability and particle density.

Technical standards

For specified parameters to be relevant it is important that there is a standard way of measuring them to ensure that measurements are reproducible and unambiguous.

There are therefore a list of technical standards that define terminology, measurement methods and sampling methods.

Published technical standards
Standard reference	Title
BS EN 14774-1:2009	Solid biofuels - Determination of moisture content - Oven dry method. Total moisture: Reference method
BS EN 14774-2:2009	Solid biofuels - Determination of moisture content - Oven dry method. Total moisture: Simplified method
BS EN 14774-3:2009	Solid biofuels - Determination of moisture content - Oven dry method. Moisture in general analysis sample
BS EN 14775:2009	Solid biofuels - Determination of ash content
BS EN 14918:2009	Solid biofuels - Determination of calorific value
BS EN 14961-1:2010	Solid biofuels - Fuel specifications and classes - Part 1: General requirements
BS EN 15103:2009	Solid biofuels - Determination of bulk density
BS EN 15148:2009	Solid biofuels - Determination of the content of volatile matter
BS EN 15210-1:2009	Solid biofuels - Determination of mechanical durability of pellets and briquettes. Pellets
CEN/TS 14588:2004	Solid biofuels - Terminology, definitions and descriptions
CEN/TS 14778-1:2005	Solid biofuels - Sampling - Part 1: Methods for sampling
CEN/TS 14778-2:2005	Solid biofuels - Sampling - Part 2: Methods for sampling particulate material transported in lorries
CEN/TS 14779:2005	Solid biofuels - Sampling - Methods for preparing sampling plans and sampling certificates
CEN/TS 14780:2005	Solid biofuels - Methods for sample preparation
CEN/TS 15104:2005	Solid biofuels - Determination of total content of carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen - Instrumental methods
CEN/TS 15105:2005	Solid biofuels - DMethods for determination of the water soluble content of chloride, sodium and potassium
CEN/TS 15149-1:2006	Solid biofuels - Methods for the determination of particle size distribution - Part 1: Oscillating screen method using sieve apertures of 3.15 mm and above
CEN/TS 15149-2:2006	Solid biofuels - Methods for the determination of particle size distribution - Part 2: Vibrating screen method using sieve apertures of 3.15 mm and below
CEN/TS 15149-3:2006	Solid biofuels - Methods for the determination of particle size distribution - Part 3: Rotary screen method
CEN/TS 15150:2005	Solid biofuels - Methods for the determination of particle density
CEN/TS 15210-2:2005	Solid biofuels - Determination of mechanical durability of pellets and briquettes. Part 2: Briquettes
CEN/TS 15234:2006	Solid biofuels - Fuel quality assurance
CEN/TS 15289:2006	Solid biofuels - Determination of total content of sulphur and chlorine
CEN/TS 15290:2006	Solid biofuels - Determination of major elements
CEN/TS 15296:2006	Solid biofuels - Calculation of analyses to different bases
CEN/TS 15297:2006	Solid biofuels - Determination of minor elements
CEN/TS 15370-1:2006	Solid biofuels - Method for the determination of ash melting behaviour - Part 1: Characteristic temperatures method

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